ConclusionĪpache OpenOffice is a highly effective alternative to MS Office, as it will provide you with all the necessary tools and features found in MS Office. It also features support for all the major file types, so you can easily work with them inside this suite.īut above all, it’s highly affordable and very open, so almost anyone can use this application. If you can’t afford to spend money on an MS Office license, this application will bring everything you’ll need to the table. You will be able to choose from several modes of operation: for creating and writing documents, creating spreadsheets and presentations, and drawing, but also for managing databases and creating formulas while also using all the same features as MS Office. You will find all the tools to manage and create documents in the app. While it might not be as robust as MS Office in some regards, it still provides all the necessary main features you’d come to expect from such a suite. It becomes an incredible alternative if you look at the features it has on offer. You’ll find all the major tools accessible inside the MS Office suite – a tool for writing documents, creating spreadsheets, and presentations, drawing, managing databases, creating formulas, and more. It provides a great alternative to MS Office and is free to use. It means that many budget-oriented users will look for alternatives if they can.Īpache OpenOffice is one of those alternatives. However, one of the main concerns people have with it is the need for a license, which can be quite expensive. MS Office is the most widely used service for writing new documents, creating spreadsheets, presentations, and more. It comes with a fleet of applications that you can use to manage your documents, create new ones, create writing projects, and more. If you need access to one of the languages that is not included, please consider using LibreOffice Portable instead.Apache OpenOffice is often seen as the alternative to Microsoft Office. Languages such as Gaelic and Tamil collide with other installed languages so they can not also be included. Some Languages Unavailable: Due to the way Apache OpenOffice handles locales, some locales that are available from Apache are not available in this portable edition. You can also add the fonts directly to this app by placing them within the Data\fonts directory within the portable app's main directory. You add the fonts to the Platform (recommended) by placing them in the PortableApps\\Data\fonts directory. The fonts are available as a direct download zip of fonts. An option during installation allows you to remove extra language templates, dictionaries, and other files to save you space.Īpp Fonts Download - Some or all of the fonts that are normally packaged with this package are not included due to a bug within the Windows 10 Anniversary update that causes dynamically loaded fonts to take 10 times longer to load. The Portable App Directory app store built into the Platform will automatically select the right download for you. The All Languages download includes all languages supported. Standard vs All Languages: The standard download includes support for English (US and GB), Arabic (if available), Chinese (Simplified and Traditional), French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese (Brazilian and Portugal), Russian, and Spanish.
0 Comments
Stray Blade’s well-balanced mix of alluring narrative and challenging combat rewards adaptable, curious adventurers. As and when we get information about the game, we will update this article.Today, February 15th, global video game publisher 505 Games and developer Point Blank Games unveil the official release date for Stray Blade, the fantasy action-adventure with a fresh approach to intense combat. So far, the Steam store page says that this will be a single-player game with controller support, I’d like to see an online multiplayer mode as the game environment looks quite promising. Also, it is too early to judge the game based on whatever is currently revealed. While Stary Blade’s early impressions seem to be looking good, we will still have to wait for more time for more information about the Stray Blade release date, trailers, and other things such as character customization since it’s an RPG game, and RPG lovers need that customization stuff. We could see the game going out for pre-order as well as early access availability in the coming days or whenever we get the official trailer and gameplay footage. However, what you can do is Wishlist the game on Steam as well as the Epic Games Store. Well, it’s too early for the devs to let the game be available for pre-order. Once we get the official trailer and gameplay, we can then assume the system requirements that will be needed to run the game perfectly. Though we could expect that the game would run fine on a mid-range CPU from 2017 along with 8GB of RAM paired with a 4GB GPU from 2017 or 2018. Of course, the game will run smoothly on PC no doubt, but the system requirements minimum and recommended ones are not mentioned yet. While we know that the consoles will be able to run the game at 4K 120 FPS, it will be interesting to see how it will perform on PC. It would be interesting to see the game on cloud gaming services since these services are slowly starting to rise. While the other games are interesting enough to play and have a huge fan base, read along to know what makes Stray Blade a unique game by the time it officially releases.Īt the end of the announcement trailer, we get to see that the game will be available on the Xbox Series X|S, PlayStation 5, and on PC via Steam and the Epic Games Store. Of course, you have games similar to Stray Blade such as Death’s Door, Monster Hunter: World, Dark Souls, Mortal Shell, etc. It is good to see a lot of games in this genre are available to players and thus giving them an option to choose from. Stray Blade will infuse a bit of Metroidvania playstyles and will also have combat elements. Let’s take a look at Stray Blade Release Date, trailer, gameplay, system requirements, and more. This is an Action-Adventure RPG game that is set to stand out and be different from the other games that have been out there. With that being said, we got to see a glimpse of a new game title Stray Blade. At the Gamescom 2021 online event, we got to see a ton of new games that were announced and would be coming soon to consoles and PCs. Action-Adventure games are fun to play considering they keep you hooked to the game for hours and hours. A Sega Saturn version of the compilation was also announced but cancelled. The game is also featured alongside Lethal Enforcers II in the two-in-one compilation titled: Lethal Enforcers I & II ( Lethal Enforcers Deluxe Pack in Japan), developed by Konami Chicago and released for the PlayStation in 1997. The CD version features higher quality CD-DA music, sampled from the arcade original. A second-player Justifier light gun, pink in color, was available only by mail order from Konami. A standard controller can be also used in lieu of the light gun in these versions. The home versions make use of a revolver-shaped light gun known as the Konami Justifier, which came packaged with the game. Home versions were released for the Super NES, Sega Genesis/Mega Drive and Sega CD. If any innocents are killed, the player either maintains his or her rank or gets demoted, although the ranks do not go below Patrolman. When the game begins, the player's rank is Patrolman, and after each stage the player is promoted, provided they have not killed any innocents. The ranks are: Patrolman, Detective, Sergeant, Lieutenant, Captain, and Commander. There are different ranks that the player can attain based on performance. The boss character, however, sometimes will have his face exposed however, this battle is fought where there are no innocents present. A dip switch setting in the arcade version allows operators to let players progress through the stages in a linear fashion ("arcade mode") or select individual stages ("street mode").Įnemies always wear sunglasses, ski masks or gas masks, while fellow police officers and innocent bystanders are always barefaced. At the end of each stage, a boss must be killed in order to complete the stage. During each stage, the player must shoot the armed robbers without harming any innocent civilians or fellow policemen. Lethal Enforcers has six stages (including the Training Stage): "The Bank Robbery", "Chinatown Assault", "Hijacking", "The Drug Dealers", and "Chemical Plant Sabotage". When the player loses all lives, the game will be over unless he/she chooses to continue. When the player loses a life, his/her weapon reverts to the basic service revolver. The submachine gun and grenade launcher can only be used once while other weapons can be reloaded like the basic service revolver. Initially armed with a standard-issue service revolver, the player can acquire upgraded weapons during the course of play: a .357 Magnum, a semi-automatic pistol, a combat shotgun, an assault rifle, a submachine gun, or a grenade launcher. He has been assigned and agrees to help stop a growing crime wave that puts the city's security in serious jeopardy, along with a helper (a second player can join in). From that point on, he is going to experience the toughest job that he would have during his years in the police force. Once the call ended, he decided to check out the bank. The rest have ended up in the hospital or killed. He is one of the two survivors of the elite group of officers. They said that a major crime organization has invaded town, and they need his help. While sipping the last drop of coffee, he gets a call from the police department. Seen those cop shows where they show police officers practicing shootout scenarios with cardboard figures of bad guys and innocent passers-by? This game is exactly like that, except with sound effects and more interesting backdrops.Ĭritic reviews added by Big John WV, Alaka, Bozzly, vedder, Alsy, Tim Janssen, chirinea, RhYnoECfnW, Kayburt, Patrick Bregger, Scaryfun, Ryan DiGiorgi, Tomas Pettersson, Wizo.Set in Chicago, Illinois, United States, the player takes control of a police officer named Don Marshall, who has one day decided to go to the donut shop for a break. The plastic gun's trigger is tight, so after playing for a while you may have blisters on your trigger finger. There is a limited number of character portraits and stills for bad guys, and you may feel like you are fighting clones. Sound effects are adequate and voice acting is pretty good. Your main weapon is a standard police revolver, along the way, you may pick up different types of weapons, like a shotgun or machine gun with limited ammo. Some targets are challenging to hit due to their small size (in attempts to simulate distance), and sometimes there are hostages to look out for. The levels look pretty good, especially the chapter that takes place at a chemical plant. There are lots of challenges, and in that day, the graphics was pretty 'realistic" (never mind that enemies and 'innocents' are not animated). The gun is quite accurate, as long as sunlight or light in the room does not directly reflect off your TV screen.Reloading your weapon involves aiming away from the screen and pulling the trigger. Before playing, the gun is calibrated through an on-screen target. The game comes with a big blue plastic gun, modeled after a Magnum revolver. Leviticus 27:30 – “Every tithe of the land, whether of the seed of the land or of the fruit of the trees, is the Lord’s it is holy to the Lord.”ĭeuteronomy 14:22-23 – “You shall tithe all the yield of your seed that comes from the field year by year. From every man whose heart moves Him you shall receive the contribution for Me.’”Įxodus 35:21 – “And they came, everyone whose heart stirred him, and everyone whose spirit moved him, and brought the Lord’s contribution to be used for the tent of meeting, and for its service, and for the holy garments.” Whoever is of a generous heart, let him bring the Lord’s contribution …’”Įxodus 25:1 – “ The Lord said to Moses, “‘Speak to the people of Israel, that they take for Me a contribution. Take from among you a contribution to the Lord. Genesis 8:20 – “Then Noah built an altar to the Lord and took some of every clean animal and some of every clean bird and offered burnt offerings on the altar.”Įxodus 23:19 – For the three annual festivals, Moses tells the people, “The best of the first fruits of your ground you shall bring into the house of the Lord your God.”Įxodus 35:4-5 – “Moses said to all the congregation of the people of Israel, ‘This is the thing that the Lord has commanded. And the Lord had regard for Abel and his offering.” Genesis 4:4 – “And Abel brought the best, the choicest parts of the firstborn of his flock and of their fat portions. The following giving and stewardship Bible verses are provided in the English Standard Version (ESV) translation. THE GATHERING OF OUR TITHES AND OFFERINGS. “It is more blessed to give than to receive” (Acts 20:35). Here is a suggestion for use in the bulletin folder: Hopefully, you will over time add more verses to this list. The following list provides a large number of giving verses, but it is not an exhaustive list. It is suggested that you intersperse Old Testament and New Testament verses throughout the year. The following Bible verses will provide encouragement for your members to give and will help them grow in their understanding of biblical stewardship. The offering to God each Sunday is an act of worship just like confessing the Creed, singing the hymns, hearing the sermon, and engaging in prayer. The offering during the worship service provides believers the opportunity to respond in gratitude to the grace, love, and mercy of God and to put their faith and trust in the Lord into action. Have a wonderfully blessed, stress-free, productive, and joyful day!īomi Jolly ~ JollyNotes.Our offerings are an act of worship. Loving Others Generously Is Our Most Important Work. Love never fails.ġ Corinthians 13:13, NIV And now these three remain: faith, hope and love. It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, always perseveres. Love does not delight in evil but rejoices with the truth. It does not dishonor others, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. If I give all I possess to the poor and give over my body to hardship that I may boast, but do not have love, I gain nothing.ġ Corinthians 13:4-8a, NIV Love is patient, love is kind. If I have the gift of prophecy and can fathom all mysteries and all knowledge, and if I have a faith that can move mountains, but do not have love, I am nothing. I am the LORD.ġ Corinthians 13:1-3, NIV If I speak in the tongues of men or of angels, but do not have love, I am only a resounding gong or a clanging cymbal. Leviticus 19:18, NIV Do not seek revenge or bear a grudge against anyone among your people, but love your neighbor as yourself. Hebrews 10:24, NLT And let us consider how to stir up one another to love and good works, WE MUST LOVE ONE ANOTHER!ġ Corinthians 16:13-14, NIV Be on your guard stand firm in the faith be courageous be strong. As I have loved you, so you must love one another. John 13:34, NIV “A new command I give you: Love one another. Everyone who loves has been born of God and knows God. Mark 12:31, NIV The second is this: ‘ Love your neighbor as yourself.’ There is no commandment greater than these.ġ John 4:7, NIV Dear friends, let us love one another, for love comes from God. Mark 12:30, NIV Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with all your strength. Let All That You Do Be Done In Love ~ Encouraging Bible Verses: Related: 10 Bible Verses about Living a Life of Love. So help us God, Amen.ġ Corinthians 16:14, ESV Let all that you do be done in love. When we let love be our highest goal in everything we do, God’s name is continually glorified in us. As we explore these important scriptures, we are reminded again and again to Do Everything In Love. Let All That You Do Be Done In Love: 12 Encouraging Bible Verses & Scriptures.ġ2 Inspirational, Motivational, Uplifting & Encouraging Bible Verses, Scriptures, Quotes & Passages reminding us: Let All That You Do Be Done In Love. When applying automatic vectorization, the user wishes to set recognition parameters before starting the process. Incorporating of color and monochrome images is also a one-click task.Īutomatic Raster-To-Vector Conversion (Pro Version) It is easy to edit, construct or add information onto these images, even rasterizing vectors to create ISO compliant raster files as frequently required for compliancy reasons. Users can smoothly cope up with the colors image and can edit or create LUT files. It is probable to change brightness, contrast, hue and saturation and adjust the color gamut, recover image quality and apply color filters. In WiseImage it is conceivable to crop, adjust resolution, de-skew, and calibrate color, scale, and greyscale raster pictures. With the help of these tools the number of colors in an image can be condensed from millions to tens. Colored areas can be joined according to color similarities or by referring to their distribution occurrences. This raster to vector software can do this without any loss of information. Complete color images are enormous so it is vibrant to diminish image file sizes. High-grade transformation algorithms offer very exact results. WiseImage provides many options for choosing the most proper method, importing coordinate values or assigning point area manually. High Quality Image Processing With PrecisionĮxact calibration is essential when handling scanned drawings. The other one – WiseImage for Windows – (is an equal solution for Windows) The best raster to vector conversion software. The time from customer request until invoicing can be dramatically shortened - all without having to reduce the quality or price of your work.ĬSoft delivers two alternatives for raster editing and raster to vector conversion. WiseImage allows you to save redrafting time and boost your productivity. With the powerful suite of tools in WiseImage you can edit scanned drawings and maps easily. WiseImage provides the most advanced solution for raster editing, raster to vector conversion of raster images. And the crossroad of raster and vector graphics is the WiseImage capabilities to work with raster and vectors together as if it is a single entity set. AutoCAD now is capable of processes scanned drawings, satellite imagery, or other raster les as the best image processing application. AutoCAD's CAD functionality combined with WiseImage's high-end image processing, results in a strong synergetic effect. It balances raster and vector with CAD functionality and image processing skills perfectly.Īll WiseImage commands are perfectly integrated into the AutoCAD environment as if just more CAD tools. WiseImage allows you to make rapid deviations, do editing and correction or automatic and semi-automatic raster-to-vector conversation of scanned technical drawings, maps, plans, drafts, sketches and other graphics. It is an AutoCAD application for raster editing, raster-to-vector conversion and drawing revision. WiseImage for AutoCAD clarifies the difficulty of incorporating scanned raster data into CAD environments. The font gives off a ‘glitzy’ vibe because it looks like it’s ‘lit up’ like a neon light.īernhard Modern std is made up of elegant and funky lettering. This can be useful for content creators that use filters to change the colouring of their videos. The font can be edited to be different colours and have a variety of highlights around it.īudmo is a step up from a simple font and is great when paired with subtle colours. It’s been picked up by creators who make DIY videos and content aimed at a younger audience. This choice may not be as versatile, but it’s certainly an impactful and fun font! Many people choose to use this font in their YouTube banner as well as thumbnails, making it a good ‘all rounder’ YouTube font.īadaboom, just like its name, is here to make a fun impression. It’s a cool font: simple, modern and powerful, and is often used with white letters and a black outline. Bebas is the go-to for thumbnails on make-up tutorials, recipe walkthroughs and other videos in that same category. You may recognise this font if you watch a lot of instructional videos. Like many other bold fonts, Impact is a strong and eye-catching typeface, with plenty of versatility value. It’s famously used by YouTube favourite PewDiePie, who plays around with size, colour and positioning to make the most of the simple and bold font. Impact is a simple and bold font used to capture attention, and forgive us, make an impact, without taking too much attention away from the actual thumbnail image. An extra bit of text on a thumbnail – adding extra interest or summarising the content – is a great way to add an extra reason for a ‘scroller’ to become a ‘clicker.’Ĭhoosing the right font is an important part of creating a standout thumbnail.Ī font that’s easy to read, unique, and visually appealing can make your thumbnail pop and draw in viewers.Īnd so (drumroll, please!) we’ve compiled a list of the 7 best YouTube thumbnail fonts in 2023, to help you make the most of this critical aspect of your video marketing strategy. This means that taking the time to create a visually appealing thumbnail can make all the difference in getting viewers to click on and watch your YouTube videos.Īdditionally, a study by the University of Oklahoma found that people spend only 1.5 seconds on average looking at a YouTube thumbnail before deciding whether to click on the video or not. With so much content available, it’s more important than ever to make your videos stand out – and one of the best ways to do this is through eye-catching thumbnails.Īccording to YouTube, 90% of the best-performing videos on the platform have custom thumbnails. YouTube is an incredibly competitive platform with millions of videos uploaded every day. The Codys return following the death of Smurf and have the chance to do things their own way bu. Related – Be sure to get some more news on Animal Kingdom, including when a season 6 could be coming to TNT What did you think about the big Catherine Belen shock at the end of the Animal Kingdom season 5 finale?īe sure to share right now in the attached comments! After you do just that, remember to stick around for some other updates ahead that you don’t want to miss, including on the series’ long-term future. Animal Kingdom returns for its fifth season July 11th on TNT. Sure, they may be compelling to watch, but it’s probably wrong to assume that all of them are going to navigate through the entirety of the final season without any problems. It’s certainly possible that more characters could die remember that all of the main players in this show are criminals. This skin hardens by degrees, and 5 CLASS REPTILIA. We’re excited to see how this story moves forward, plus what sort of chaos is coming all across the board. The birth of the latter depends rather on climate, season, and species. For those of you who love final seasons to feel a little full-circle, it feels pretty fair to say that this will have said feeling. Having Catherine’s body come up now creates a huge problem for the Cody Boys moving forward it brings more potential suspicion around them, especially due to her past connections to Baz, who is also dead and can’t be used as a source of information. Season 5 of the series will bring back actors Shawn Hatosy, Ben Robson, Jake Weary, Finn Cole, Leila George, Rigo Sanchez, and Jon Beavers. A PDF reader at first glance, PDFelement also offers multiple other features that give you full control over your PDF documents. Wondershare PDFelement - PDF Editor is a simple yet robust alternative to Adobe Reader. Before introducing the Adobe Reader plugin, we'd like to recommend a simple alternative program. Note that most browsers include native PDF plugins for viewing PDFs, though these lack many of the features that come with a standalone PDF application. In this article, we'll cover how to download and install the Adobe Reader plugin on different browsers to help you access your PDF files from your browser. It's especially known for its browser integration, which helps users access their PDF files from their browsers instead of launching Adobe Reader. The unofficial port only works as an external application and has not undergone the same level of bug testing.Adobe ® Acrobat ® Reader DC is a popular and leading PDF tool that has been trusted by users across the world for many years to view and edit PDF files. There is an unofficial port of SumatraPDF, to use more recent versions in XP. You can also use SumatraPDF as a plugin by installing the older version 2.5.2 from SumatraPDF's archive Scroll up to the PDF reader plugins section for instructions. SumatraPDF Reader is a lightweight PDF reader that runs quickly on older hardware. Adobe provides both free and paid PDF readers from their website: If you do not have a PDF reader, you can download one below.
If you listen to the song for the first 22 seconds its just the singer (Sully Erna) singing on his own singing which creates a single melody line. Now this bring us onto the next style of music Monophonic and this means a single melody line without anything accompanying it for example a single person singing a melody line with no instruments playing along with the singer just like in the song I’ve linked above called Voodoo by Godsmack. If you listen to all of the song a whole string sections comes into the mix of the song mainly in the chorus and the outro to give the song the amount of push it needs to show this is the chorus not a verse but the same thing is happening like the other instruments the strings are accompanying the melody line as 3:02 the song progresses the guitar plays a solo that acts like a contrapuntal device against the voice which gives a polyphonic effect by acting as a secondary counter-melody. As the song progresses the guitar comes in bringing another sound to the song but stays on the melody line of Miley’s voice so what is being show here is that the melody is the main part of this song and the instruments are accompanying her to create a fuller melody line. So the first style I’ve chosen to talk about is Homophonic which is one melody line played at a time but played by multiple instruments, So i have chosen Miley Cyrus The climb ( I know its a bit sad but its a perfect example) as the song starts with the Keyboard/ Piano playing Miley starts to sing and the way she sings isn’t a whole new melody it stays with the melody. See chapter 1, Fundamental Musical Concepts and Forms, "Texture.Today im going to chose 3 songs which is an example of one of the three styles of music. I referenced the textbook Music Then and Now by Thomas Forrest Kelly to ensure the accuracy of my answer. If this does not answer your question, please be more specific. This question is categorized as "physics" but I am unsure which sort of physical explanation might be sought after specifically in terms of musical textures. You may compare and contrast these explanations to answer your question. A singer and a guitar, for example, are not exactly homophonic, but close. Note that most pieces are not all one texture or another. An example is the section in the "Hallelujah" chorus where the choir sings "And he shall reign for ever and ever." Additionally, Pachelbel's Canon is polyphonic. A good example is the moment in the "Hallelujah" chorus where the chorus sings a series of "Hallelujahs" in the same rhythm.Ī polyphonic texture refers to a web of autonomous melodies, each of which contributes to the texture and the harmony of the piece but is a separate and independent strand in the fabric, so to speak. Homophonic music has one clear melodic line, the part that draws your attention, and all other parts provide accompaniment. An example of monophony is one person whistling a tune, or a more musical example is the clarinet solo that forms the third movement of Messiaen's Quartet for the End of Time.Ī homophonic texture refers to music where there are many notes at once, but all moving in the same rhythm. We refer to these overall effects as texture.Ī monophonic texture refers to music with a single melodic line (no harmony or counterpoint) sounding the same thing at the same time-whether played or sung, performed on a single instrument or by a voice or voices and instruments playing in unison. More often we might have several different instruments playing together, each with its bit of melody, or a song that has a chordal accompaniment on piano. Most of the music we listen to consists of more than a single melodic line. Guegan, J.P., Vaultier, M., and Ibora, J.L. Ionic liquids as refolding additives: N′-alkyl and N′-(w-hydroxyalkyl) N-methylimidazolium chloride. Protein renaturation by the liquid organic salt ethylammonium nitrate. Cadena, C., Zhao, Q., Snurr, and R.Q., Maginn, E.J. Holbrey, J.D., McMath, J.E., and Soper, A.K. The effects of ionic liquids on protein crystallization and X-ray diffraction resolution. Fry, E.H., Abad-Zapatero, C., and Chi, M.L. Judge, R.A., Takahashi, S., Longnecker, K.L. Ethylammonium nitrate: A protein crystallization reagent. Garlitz, J.A., Summers, C.A., Flowers, R.A. Advanced protein crystallization using water-soluble ionic liquids as crystallization additives. Protein crystallization using room temperature ionic liquids. Pusey, M.L., Paley, M.S., Turner, M.B., and Rogers, R.D. Ionic liquid Screen contains 24 unique reagents, 0.5 milliliter each.ġ. The Ionic Liquid Screen contains a set of 24 water soluble ionic liquids that comprise different cation (imidazolium, phosphonium, ammonium) and anion (borate, halides, sulfates, acetates, sulfonates, nitrates) structures for a diverse ionic liquid additive screen for use in improving the crystallization behavior and X-ray diffraction resolution of proteins.Įach of the 24 ionic liquids are preformulated in deionized water and sterile filtered using a 0.2 micron filter. Variation of the anion and the cation as well as the utilization of both soft (formate and acetate) and hard anions (nitrate) in the Ionic Liquid Screen reagents provides an additional dimension for evaluating the effects on ionic liquids on the solubility and crystallization of proteins. 13 Many ionic liquids are also organics acids and have ionic character in addition to the hydrophobic behavior, which makes them unique and useful solvents in protein chemistry. Some ionic liquids, such as ethylammonium nitrate have water-like characteristics, including the capacity for hydrogen bonding and the promotion of micelle formation by some surfactants. 9-11 The inclusion of the ionic liquid 1-n-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (included in this kit) improved the thermal stability and solubility of integral membrane proteins for membrane proteomics study. 7-8 Ionic liquids have been reported to stabilize protein activity and structure. Ionic liquids have been demonstrated to suppress protein aggregation and significantly increase protein folding yields. 1 These organic salts generally consist of combinations of organic cations and either an organic or inorganic anion. Ionic liquids are often chaotropic, composed of low symmetry ions with charge delocalization and weak intermolecular interactions. 5-6 Ionic liquids can participate in ionic, hydrophobic and hydrogen bond interactions. Ionic liquids can demonstrate a degree of localized structuring about each ion compared to materials composed of disassociated ions, setting them apart from salt solutions. Ionic liquids are soluble in a variety of organic and inorganic reagents and can be highly water soluble. They are thermally stable, nonflammable and demonstrate very low vapor pressure. Ionic liquids are organic salts with melting points below 100☌elsius. 25 Ionic liquids have been used as additives to produce crystals in reagents that had previously not resulted in crystallization and results suggest ionic liquids may be applicable for the solubilization and crystallization of membrane proteins. 1-4 The inclusion of ionic liquids in crystallization experiments has been reported to lead to less crystal polymorphism as well as less precipitation at higher precipitant concentrations. Ionic liquids have been found effective as additives in protein crystallization, with different ionic liquids used to increase crystallization rates and crystal size. |